Ure, ki jih delate, se lahko razlikujejo, če imate delo s krajšim delovnim časom, saj ni enega standarda, ki bi določal, koliko ur na dan ali teden predstavlja delovno mesto s krajšim delovnim časom. Ali se vaša vloga šteje za skrajšani ali polni delovni čas, je odvisno od tega, koliko ur na teden pričakujete, da boste delali, in kako delodajalec določi status zaposlitve.
V tem priročniku boste izvedeli, kako podjetja in organizacije definirajo zaposlitve s krajšim delovnim časom in kako bi to lahko vplivalo na zaposlene s krajšim delovnim časom.
Kaj je zaposlitev s krajšim delovnim časom?
Na splošno je zaposlitev s krajšim delovnim časom tista, ki od osebe zahteva, da dela manj ur na teden kot od zaposlenega, ki se šteje za polni delovni čas. V skladu z Zakonom o pravičnih delovnih standardih delodajalci določajo, kako so njihovi zaposleni razvrščeni. Kljub temu lahko delodajalci (in zakon) to storijo na različne načine.
Pravne opredelitve
Opredelitev skrajšanim delovnim časom se lahko razlikujejo. Ameriški urad za statistiko dela šteje delavce, ki delajo manj kot 35 ur na teden, kot krajši delovni čas. Vendar je to zgolj za statistične namene. Po drugi strani davčna služba šteje več kot 30 ur na teden ali več kot 130 ur na mesec kot polni delovni čas. Zakon o zaščiti pacientov in dostopni oskrbi uporablja enak standard 30 ur na teden kot IRS za upravičenost do ugodnosti po zakonu.
Politika podjetja
Številni delodajalci v svojo politiko podjetja vključijo definicijo zaposlenega s krajšim delovnim časom, ki bo določila število ur na teden, ki delajo skrajšani delovni čas. Amazon na primer ima tri kategorije, ki jih uporablja za ugotavljanje, kateri zaposleni so upravičeni do določenih ugodnosti: delavci s krajšim delovnim časom delajo 20-29 ur; zaposleni s skrajšanim delovnim časom delajo 30-39 ur; redno zaposleni pa so tisti, ki delajo 40 ali več ur na teden.
Dela za polni delovni čas v primerjavi s krajšim delovnim časom
Da bi še dodatno zakomplicirali razlike med zaposlitvijo s krajšim in polnim delovnim časom, se lahko razlikujejo tudi ure, ki se štejejo za polni delovni čas. Čeprav je nekdaj veljalo, da so običajne ure za polni delovni čas 40 ur na teden, se je to premaknilo, pri čemer so nekateri delodajalci zahtevali manj ur, drugi pa več.
Tako kot pri zaposlitvah s krajšim delovnim časom tudi Zakon o pravičnih delovnih standardih ne opredeljuje zaposlitve za polni delovni čas. Zakon pa predvideva plačilo nadur za zajete zaposlene, ki delajo več kot 40 ur v enem delovnem tednu.
Opomba : Posameznik, ki je del gospodarstva koncertov, se šteje za neodvisnega izvajalca ali samozaposlenega posameznika, ki lahko dela nekaj ur na teden ali polni delovni čas, odvisno od panoge in osebnih preferenc. Če niste na plačilnem seznamu delodajalca, lahko nastavite svoj urnik.
Delovni urniki za krajši delovni čas
Delovni urniki s krajšim delovnim časom se razlikujejo. Ko ste zaposleni na delovnem mestu s krajšim delovnim časom, so lahko ure in dnevi, za katere se pričakuje, da boste delali, določeni vnaprej (pogosto prek objave za delo) ali pa je vaš urnik lahko prilagodljiv in nastavljen na dnevni, tedenski , ali mesečno, kot določi vaš delodajalec.
Tukaj je na primer nekaj možnih objav za delovna mesta, ki se nanašajo na urnike:
- “We can be very flexible with the days and scheduled hours of a part-time employee.”
- “You’ll have the option to choose from part-time and full-time roles with early morning, day, and night shifts.”
- “Schedule is Monday through Thursday, with 10-hour shifts and full-time and part-time positions available.”
How To Find Out How Many Hours a Week You’ll Work
Before agreeing to part-time work, it’s important to understand what is required of the role and if it fits you. Below are some ways to figure out how many hours you’ll be working when you’re hired for a part-time position.
- Review the job posting: Carefully read the job description before you apply for a position. You may be able to tell how flexible the job is, and how many hours and days you are expected to work per week.
- Know your availability: You may be asked when you can work (days/hours) on a job application, so know your availability before you apply. Many employers are flexible and will work around the schedules of students, parents, retirees, and people with other time constraints and commitments.
- Ask during a job interview: If a schedule isn’t mentioned in advance, it’s acceptable to inquire about the work schedule during a job interview if the interviewer doesn’t ask you about your availability first. Have a list of when you’re available (and when you won’t be) to share. Flexibility is always a plus because it makes it easier for the employer to schedule coverage.
Part-Time Employee Benefits and Perks
In some cases, part-time workers may be eligible for company benefits. Some benefits are statutory and provided by law, while others are offered to part-time employees by employers.
Company-Provided Benefits
Benefits that a part-time employee receives may vary from what full-time employees qualify for, but many companies are generous with the benefits they offer to all employees. For example, grocery store chain Publix has a lengthy list of benefits available to all eligible associates. These include a stock ownership plan, group health, dental, and vision plans, tuition assistance, and opportunities for advancement. There are additional benefits offered to eligible full-time associates, including vacation pay and paid holidays.
Note : Employers aren’t legally required to provide health insurance for part-time employees, even if they provide coverage for full-time employees. Part-time employees may be eligible to purchase health insurance via a health insurance marketplace, or through industry-specific groups and organizations.
Mandated Employee Benefits
Some benefits are provided by law, regardless of your employment status. Benefits may be mandated by federal, state, or local law, and vary from state to state. For example, the Affordable Care Act (ACA) requires employers to offer health insurance to those individuals who work a minimum of 30 hours per week.
Family and Medical Leave
The federal Family and Medical Leave Act provides eligible employees who worked 1,250 hours during the 12 months immediately before they took leave with unpaid, job-protected leave. That works out to about 24 hours per week, so part-time workers who also meet the other requirements (company size and duration of employment) may qualify for unpaid leave from work.
Some states also have family leave programs. In New York State, for example, employees who work a regular schedule of fewer than 20 hours per week are eligible to take paid family leave after working 175 days, which do not need to be consecutive. Employees who work a regular schedule of 20 or more hours per week are eligible after 26 consecutive weeks of employment.
Unemployment Compensation
Unemployment benefits are administered on the state level, and eligibility for partial unemployment depends on the state you work in. It also depends on whether or not you qualify for unemployment compensation based on your employment history.
Workers’ Compensation and Disability Insurance
Workers defined as injured or experiencing a serious medical illness may be eligible to receive workers’ compensation coverage through federally administered programs. Each state also has its own guidelines for workers’ compensation eligibility for employees who have been injured or become ill because of work. In most states, all employees are eligible for benefits.
There are also federal and state programs that provide benefits for disabled workers. Some states require employers to provide disability coverage, and others do not. Employers who offer coverage may provide short-term coverage, long-term coverage, or both.

Experienced Recruiter with a demonstrated history of working in the media production industry. Strong human resources professional with a Bachelor’s degree focused in Psychology from Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana.